The text of the First Amendment to the country's Constitution states that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." However, large groups of Hindus have immigrated from India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, the Caribbean, southern Africa, eastern Africa, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Mauritius, Fiji, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and other regions and countries since the enactment of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965. A plethora of religious iconography fill the National Museum of American History's new exhibit, Religion in Early America. Pew Research found in 2014 that between 34-42 percent of American adults currently have a religious identity different from the one in which they were raised. Many Christian sects with a worldwide presence have their origins in the USA, including Mormonism and the Jehovah's Witnesses. ), Equal rights for homosexuals (especially same-sex marriage). There are many schools in the United States focused on educating students in a particular religion in addition to supplying a well-rounded college education. Presbyterians 5. Many American citizens base their vote on who will represent their religious values the best, and some voters show a strong distrust towards non-Christian candidates. Vollständige Liste unter understandingreligionblog.wordpress.com anzeigen Contact us [84], Islam in America effectively began with the arrival of African slaves. Approximately 25% of the Jewish American population lives in New York City. Only four presidential candidates for major parties have been Catholics, all for the Democratic party: Joe Lieberman was the first major presidential candidate that was Jewish, on the Gore–Lieberman campaign of 2000 (although John Kerry and Barry Goldwater both had Jewish ancestry, they were practicing Christians). Our Spirituality places an emphasis upon the wellbeing of the "mind-body-spirit,"[127] so holistic activities such as tai chi, reiki, and yoga are common within the SBNR movement. [107] In 2007, there were estimated to be between 250,000 and 500,000 Sikhs living in the United States, with the largest populations living on the East and West Coasts, with additional populations in Detroit, Chicago, and Austin. They adopted elements of Neopaganism into their practices, for instance celebrating the festivals of the Wheel of the Year. (The number depends on whether Protestantism is treated as a single religious group or as three different traditions -- evangelical Protestantism, mainline Protestantism and historically black Protestantism.) The second half, by contrast, saw the emergence of new approaches, and the move of Buddhism into the mainstream and making itself a mass and social religious phenomenon. Various polls have been conducted to determine Americans' actual beliefs regarding a god: "Spiritual but not religious" (SBNR) is self-identified stance of spirituality that takes issue with organized religion as the sole or most valuable means of furthering spiritual growth. [41], Episcopalians[42] and Presbyterians[43] tend to be considerably wealthier and better educated than most other religious groups, and numbers of the most wealthy and affluent American families as the Vanderbilts[42] and Astors,[42] Rockefeller,[44] Du Pont, Roosevelt, Forbes, Whitneys,[42] Morgans[42] and Harrimans are Mainline Protestant families,[42] though those affiliated with Judaism are the wealthiest religious group in the United States[45][46] and those affiliated with Catholicism, owing to sheer size, have the largest number of adherents of all groups in the top income bracket.[47]. [67] Hindus also have higher acceptance towards homosexuality (71%), which is higher than the general public (62%). Irish, Hispanic, Italian, Portuguese, French, Polish, and Lebanese (Maronite) immigrants largely contributed to the growth in the number of Catholics in the United States. Various court cases of very diverse nature have been fought to secure religious freedom for groups and individuals. The United Methodist Church was the second-largest Protestant denomination with 8 million members. The First Amendment grants everyone in the United States the right to worship freely as they see fit. Many organizations propagating religious freedom fight to make sure that the federal states abide by that law and do not interfere with religious practices. However, there are many other religions and denominations which are just as present in the public life of the US. Those patterns have faded away—Catholics, for example, now split about 50–50. While Indians have had a growing role in American society for over a century, only with the recent immigration of the past fifty years have India’s many faith traditions become a pervasive and significant part of America’s religious landscape. The Protestant Great Awakenings and non-denominational groups descended from Protestantism, Major religious movements founded in the United States, Change in religious identification, 1950 - 2020, Public Religion Research Institute data (2019), ARIS findings regarding self-identification, Tri-Faith America: How Catholics and Jews Held Postwar America to Its Protestant Promise by Kevin M. Schultz, p. 9, Obligations of Citizenship and Demands of Faith: Religious Accommodation in Pluralist Democracies by Nancy L. Rosenblum, Princeton University Press, 2000 - 438, p. 156, The Protestant Voice in American Pluralism by Martin E. Marty, chapter 1. An event that contributed to the strengthening of Buddhism in the US was the Parliament of the World's Religions in 1893, which was attended by many Buddhist delegates sent from India, China, Japan, Vietnam, Thailand and Sri Lanka. [10] The most religious state or territory of the United States is American Samoa (99.3% religious).[11]. Within Protestantism, certain groups are particularly numerous in the new Congress, including Methodists, Anglicans/Episcopalians, Presbyterians and Lutherans. [31] Christianity was introduced during the period of European colonization. The Romneys were involved in Mormonism in their states and in the state of Utah. It is called Wicca, and it is currently growing at an astounding pace. Due to the nation’s history as a refuge for those who were persecuted in other countries for their beliefs, a variety of religions, faiths, and denominations co-exist in the USA. "[16], Expert researchers and authors have referred to the United States as a "Protestant nation" or "founded on Protestant principles,"[17][18][19][20] specifically emphasizing its Calvinist heritage. From 2006 to 2018 the Religion in China and the United States project sought to promote dialogue, improve understanding, and inform better policy on key issues in U.S.-China relations, including religious freedom and the changing role of religion in world affairs. The fastest growing religion, in percentage terms, in both countries is Wicca. Roman Catholics (25% or more of all US citizens), Judaism (1.2-2.2% of the population, depending on whether or not you count those Jewish Americans that are not necessarily practicing Jews, but still feel connected to Jewish culture and tradition), Islam (There is an ongoing controversy about their exact percentage of US demographics, and hence there are no exact figures available. [4], The United States has the world's largest Christian population[5] and, more specifically, contains the largest Protestant population in the world. (The most recognizable cities of California, for example, are named after Catholic saints. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States 12 Catholic universities are also ranked among the top 100 universities in the US. From early colonial days, when some Protestant dissenter English and German settlers moved in search of religious freedom, America has been profoundly influenced by religion. About one third of the sample was asked more detailed demographic questions. Numerous Protestant sects, Catholics, and Jews arrived early, while hundreds of other sects followed in the 19 th century to the point that today there are over 100,000 religious sects in the United States. Instead, the vast majority of Eastern Orthodox Christians arrived in the contiguous United States as immigrants beginning in the late 19th century and throughout the 20th century. [118], In the United States, Enlightenment philosophy (which itself was heavily inspired by deist ideals) played a major role in creating the principle of religious freedom, expressed in Thomas Jefferson's letters and included in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. [36], A 2015 study estimates some 450,000 Christian believers from a Muslim background in the country, most of them belonging to some form of Protestantism. The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) surveyed congregations for their memberships. [135] Modern Druidism arrived in North America first in the form of fraternal Druidic organizations in the nineteenth century, and orders such as the Ancient Order of Druids in America were founded as distinct American groups as early as 1912. A group of churches which started in the 1830s in the United States is known under the banner of "New Thought". [78], The Pew Research Center report on American Judaism released in October 2013 revealed that 22% of Jewish Americans say they have "no religion" and the majority of respondents do not see religion as the primary constituent of Jewish identity. While the Puritans were securing their Commonwealth, members of the Catholic church in England were also planning a refuge, "for they too were being persecuted on account of their religion. In the 18th century, deism found support among American upper classes and intellectual thinkers. Protestantism in particular is an umbrella term for countless congregations with sometimes widely differing beliefs and varying degrees of social conservatism. [12] That influence continues in American culture, social life, and politics. There are various types of religions being practiced in North America and below is a summary of the major religions being practiced in this vast continent. [37] In 2010 there were approximately 180,000 Arab Americans and about 130,000 Iranian Americans who converted from Islam to Christianity. Neopaganism in the United States is represented by widely different movements and organizations. Native American religions historically exhibited much diversity, and are often characterized by animism or panentheism. During the immigrant waves of the mid to late 19th and 20th century, an unprecedented number of Catholic, Jewish, and Orthodox Christian immigrants arrived in the United States. Religion in the United States is diverse, with Christianity and specifically Protestantism being the majority religion, although declining at rapid pace. During the same decades the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), a Vaishnavite Hindu reform organization, was founded in the US by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. The American population self-identifies as predominantly Christian, but Americans are slowly becoming less Christian. These churches share a spiritual, metaphysical and mystical predisposition and understanding of the Bible and were strongly influenced by the Transcendentalist movement, particularly the work of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Prison inmates, for example, have often sued for their right to practice a non-Christian religion, such as Islam. Irving Lewis Allen, "WASP—From Sociological Concept to Epithet,", W.L. [27], Jews have been present in what is now the US since the 17th century, and specifically allowed since the British colonial Plantation Act 1740. Like India, the United States is a vibrant and complex multi-religious democracy. [84] Additionally, when compared to the general public looking at the attendance of religious services, young Muslim Americans attend the mosque at closer rates to older Muslim Americans. European settlers brought the Christian religion with them to the New World in the 16th and 17th Centuries. [65] A nationwide Pew Research study published in 2008 put the figure of unaffiliated persons at 16.1%,[103] while another Pew study published in 2012 was described as placing the proportion at about 20% overall and roughly 33% for the 18–29-year-old demographic. Between 1821 and 1934, 33 million Europeans alone came to the United States. [15] The Supreme Court since the 1940s has interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment as applying the First Amendment to the state and local governments. Adult respondents were asked the open-ended question, "What is your religion, if any?" [citation needed]. The most popular religion in the U.S. is Christianity, comprising the majority of the population (73.7% of adults in 2016). Pledge of Allegiance was modified in 1954 to add the phrase "under God", in order to distinguish itself from the state atheism espoused by the Soviet Union. According to the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies newsletter published March, 2017, based on data from 2010, Hindus were the largest minority religion in 92 counties out of the 3143 counties in the country. During the 1960s and 1970s Hinduism exercised fascination contributing to the development of New Age thought. This estimate relies on the RCMS 2010 religious congregations census. This pantheon includes gods such as the Æsir; Odin, Thor, Loki, Sif, Heimdallr, Baldr, and Týr, as well as goddesses that include Vanir; Freyja, Freyr, Njörðr, and Nerthus. [220], Politicians frequently discuss their religion when campaigning, and fundamentalists and black Protestants are highly politically active. During the 19th century, two main branches of Eastern Christianity also arrived to America. But then the number started to drop again and reached record low 43% in 2012 and 40% in 2015.[228][229]. [88][89] The first Muslim elected to Congress was Keith Ellison in 2006,[90] followed by André Carson in 2008. Between 1990 and 2008, the Catholic population proportion of the New England states fell from 50% to 36% and in New York fell from 44% to 37%, while it rose in California from 29% to 37% and in Texas from 23% to 32%. Kingsley et al., "The College and the Church,", "The most and least educated U.S. religious groups," and "how income varies among U.S. religious groups" in Pew Research Center: 26% and 19% of 75 million Catholics are college graduates and high income earners, respectively. 1800-1860: Religion: Overview. ), Humanism, agnosticism and atheism (Although these people are explicitly non-religious, their worldview is often treated like a religion under the law. ", Scientific Elite: Nobel Laureates in the United States, "The Episcopalians: An American Elite with Roots Going Back to Jamestown", "The Harvard Guide: The Early History of Harvard University", "A Dartmouth History Lesson for Freshman", "Largest Latter-day Saint Communities (Mormon/Church of Jesus Christ Statistics)", "American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) 2008", "Barna Survey Examines Changes in Worldview Among Christians over the Past 13 Years", "The most and least educated U.S. religious group", "How income varies among U.S. religious groups", "While Most Americans Believe in God, Only 36% Attend a Religious Service Once a Month or More Often", "Jewish Population of the United States, 2009", "The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), Year 2000 Report", "Impact Report of Muslim Contributions to New York City", "Islam in America: From African Slaves to Malcolm X", "Jah People: The cultural hybridity of white Rastafarians", The Pioneers, America, "A historical perspective of Americans of Asian Indian origin 1790–1997", Stockton Gurdwara, America, "Stockton California", "Atheists identified as America's most distrusted minority, according to new U of M study", "Pew survey: Doubt of God growing quickly among millennials", "Religious Landscape Study - Pew Research Center", "Pew Survey: Doubt of God Growing Quickly among Millennials", "More Than 9 in 10 Americans Continue to Believe in God", "Belief in God Far Lower in Western U.S.", "Unitarian Universalists Denounce White Supremacy, Make Leadership Changes", "Unitarian Universalism's Seven Principles", "Unitarian Universalist Origins: Our Historic Faith", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, "Religious tradition by race/ethnicity (2014)", "Black Americans are more likely than overall public to be Christian, Protestant", "Americans Exaggerate How Much They Go To Religious Services, According To Study", "Mississippians Go to Church the Most; Vermonters, Least", NCLS releases latest estimates of church attendance, "Frequent Church Attendance Highest in Utah, Lowest in Vermont", http://thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_5_2.asp, http://thearda.com/internationalData/compare2.asp?c=97, http://thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_169_2.asp, http://thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_182_2.asp, http://thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_240_2.asp, "Table: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country", "American Muslim Poll 2018: Full Report | ISPU", "Biden to become the second Catholic president in U.S. history, after JFK", "Why Bernie Sanders doesn't participate in organized religion", "Some Americans Reluctant to Vote for Mormon, 72-Year-Old Presidential Candidates. The U.S. Census does not ask about religion. [39] Historians agree that members of mainline Protestant denominations have played leadership roles in many aspects of American life, including politics, business, science, the arts, and education. Religion in the United States is characterized by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices. [133][134] Other neopagan movements include Germanic Neopaganism, Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism, Hellenic Polytheistic Reconstructionism, and Semitic neopaganism. 90% of Muslim Americans identify as straight. [32] Roughly 48.9% of Americans are Protestants, 23.0% are Catholics, 1.8% are Mormons (members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints). The U.S. population continues to show signs of becoming less religious, with one out of every seven Americans failing to indicate a religious identity in 2008. Adult Population: 1990, 2001, 2008[65]Figures are not adjusted for refusals to reply; investigators suspect refusals are possibly more representative of "no religion" than any other group. These voters evaluate their candidates based on the religious “hot topics” rather than actual political experience – political topics on which certain religious groups have very strong opinions. A critique of Indian model by Tulsidas categorized religion as "an anthropological category." During the same time period, US intellectuals started to take interest in Buddhism. ), Question 1: I want to live in a country where no one is targeted for their religious identity, Question 2: The negative things politicians say regarding Muslims is harmful to our country, Question 3: Most Muslims living in the United States are committed to the wellbeing of America, Question 4: Most people associate negative stereotypes with my faith identity, In August 2010, 67% of Americans said religion was losing influence, compared with 59% who said this in 2006. That level of engagement and dynamic interaction with the communities around them is further highlighted through the Michigan case study as well. US candidates running for a political office recognized the impact of religious faith on voting decisions a long time ago and often use it during their campaigns. There are estimated to be between 150,000 and 210,000 Zoroastrians in the world today, mostly in India and the United States. A 2012 Pew Research Center survey found that doubts about the existence of a god had grown among younger Americans, with 68% telling Pew they never doubt God's existence, a 15-point drop in five years. The United States has been called a Protestant nation by a variety of sources. [86] According to some experts,[87] Islam later gained a higher profile through the Nation of Islam, a religious group that appealed to black Americans after the 1940s; its prominent converts included Malcolm X and Muhammad Ali. [31] Hinduism and Buddhism follow it closely in numbers (in 2014 the large scale Religious Life Survey found Islam with 0.9% and the other two with 0.7% each[67]). The state prosecutes this kind of crimes quite harshly. [108][109], The United States also has a number of non-Punjabi converts to Sikhism. Buddhism entered the US during the 19th century with the arrival of the first immigrants from East Asia. The value depends upon exactly how one defines " faith group " or " religion ." [106] The first Sikh Gurdwara in America was built in Stockton, California, in 1912. This is the traditional religion of Japan. It guarantees the free exercise of religion while also preventing the government from establishing a state religion. The largest religion in the United States is Christianity, practiced by the majority of the population. The Hindu belief involves reincarnation of the soul, which is rebirth after death. The result was the proliferation of innumerable religious groups around the Caribbean, Latin America and the southern United States during the 16th through 18th centuries. Among Jews who gave Judaism as their religion, 55% based Jewish identity on ancestry and culture, and 66% did not view belief in God as essential to Judaism. Baptists 2. Data is collected from roughly 50,000 telephone interviews conducted every year. today to jump start your move, and begin the preparations with our free A majority of Americans report that religion plays a very important role in their lives, a proportion unique among developed countries.Freedom of religion in the United States is guaranteed in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. This use has prompted some prisons to ban the wearing of these symbols, such as Mjölnir, by inmates due to their gang affiliation. The challenge to Christianity in the U.S. does not come from other religions but rather from a rejection of all forms of organized religion. Different religions and cultures have varied forms of rite of passage. Research indicates that Muslims in the United States are generally more assimilated and prosperous than their counterparts in Europe. [92][93][94] Like other subcultural and religious communities, the Islamic community has generated its own political organizations and charity organizations. Some celebrate it as a party with near and dear ones, some choose to decorate their bodies with tattoos and piercing, while some like the Native Americans choose to go on a quest in search of enlightenment and growth. [57] The first US Catholic university, Georgetown University, was founded in 1789. Strong support for black, women, Catholic candidates", "Atheists, Muslims See Most Bias as Presidential Candidates", "In U.S., Socialist Presidential Candidates Least Appealing", "Tulsi Gabbard, First Hindu In Congress, Uses Bhagavad Gita At Swearing-In", "ARDA Sources for Religious Congregations & Membership Data", "The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), Year 2010 Report", The ARIS (American Religious Identification Survey) time series surveys, Material History of American Religion Project, Drafting and ratification of Constitution, Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States, Births of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity, Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_United_States&oldid=1011354232, Articles with dead external links from November 2019, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles needing additional references from December 2018, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles needing additional references from February 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Are partially responsible for acts of violence carried out by other Muslims, other – including Mormon & Christ Scientist, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormon, LDS). 1. First mention of the faith in the U.S. was at the inaugural Parliament of World Religions, which was held at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. While the US is a secular nation, religion and faith, and the moral standings that come with it, play a very large role in everyday political discourse. This page was last edited on 10 March 2021, at 12:55. Some would point to the Encyclopedia of American Religions which lists 1,584 religious organizations in the U.S. and Canada, from A Candle to Zotheria; most are Christian. [110], In 2004 there were an estimated 56,000 Taoists in the US. A study measuring religious bodies in the United States called the, ... adherents and attendance for 236 different faiths groups. 62% believe Jewish identity is based primarily in ancestry and culture, only 15% in religion. According to the US Department of Education, there are over 7,000 US colleges and universities that report a religious affiliation – with over 50 different religious affiliations to choose from. [3] Freedom of religion in the United States is guaranteed in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. Clearly, many of us have certain beliefs and traditions that can soften the devastation of having to grieve for a loved one. [226] André Carson is the second Muslim to serve in Congress. Protestant Pentecostalism emerged in the early 20th century as a result of the Azusa Street Revival. The United States has the world's largest Christian population. Mennonites With more than 50% of the population, Christian Protestants – b… [105], Sikhism is a religion originating from the Indian subcontinent which was introduced into the United States when, around the turn of the 20th century, Sikhs started emigrating to the United States in significant numbers to work on farms in California. According to the census, religion in the United States is comprised of Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and the unaffiliated, including atheists or agnostics. Even those who belong to the same religion or denomination of a religion have disagreements about what is really important or "true" within those religions. The survey below, the American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) of 2008, was a random digit-dialed telephone survey of 54,461 American residential households in the contiguous United States. Many Asatruar prefer the word "heathen" to "neopagan," and rightfully so. [40] According to Harriet Zuckerman, 72% of American Nobel Prize Laureates between 1901 and 1972, have identified from Protestant background. [140] The shared creed includes beliefs in inherent dignity, a common search for truth, respect for beliefs of others, compassion, and social action. Of these religiously unaffiliated Americans, 37% classify themselves as spiritual but not religious.[130]. ISPU also conducted a series of impact reports on Muslim Americans in both Michigan and New York City. [148] The U.S. The survey report stated that the results showed America having a greater similarity to developing nations (where higher percentages say that religion plays an important role) than to other wealthy nations, where religion plays a minor role. The Episcopal Church, splitting from the Church of England, came into being in the American Revolution. Some of the earliest writings of Shinto came about in … As the number of Catholics increased in the late 19th and 20th century, they built up a vast system of schools (from primary schools to universities) and hospitals.
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